This guest blog has been kindly provided by Specialist Dietitian – Liver disease, Bally Parekh, and Student Dietitians at Birmingham City University, Reem Khan and Salma Begum.
If you’ve ever searched for liver cancer advice online, you’ve probably seen a mix of information. In this blog, we’ll be covering important facts on exercise. Nutrition and supplements in reference to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer.
Fact 1: Exercise can help recovery and improve outcomes in HCC1
Exercise is often feared or overlooked during treatment, but safe, structured physical activity supports recovery, preserves muscle mass, and improves energy levels.
Recent research specific to hepatocellular carcinoma shows that moderate aerobic and resistance exercise can reduce fatigue, improve quality of life, and help preserve muscle during and after treatment1.
Gentle, regular activity can make a real difference. Even short walks, stretching, or light exercises throughout the day can improve strength and control fatigue. Always talk to your care team before starting new activities, especially if you have cirrhosis or balance concerns.
Fact 2: No single diet can shrink a tumour, but good nutrition supports treatment 2,3
There’s no scientific evidence that “anti-cancer” diets (like fasting, juice cleanses, or keto) can cure or shrink tumours. In fact, restrictive diets can cause weight and muscle loss, leading to worse treatment tolerance and recovery.
Your body needs extra energy and protein during treatment to heal and fight infection. Good nutrition helps you stay strong and improves treatment response. Your plan should come from a registered dietitian or appropriate healthcare professional, not social media trends. You can speak to your GP or consultant and they may be able to make a referral for a Specialist Liver Dietitian or Physiotherapist to support you, alongside the rest of your care team.
Fact 3: Supplements can be harmful without medical guidance4
There is no good evidence that any over-the-counter supplements can prevent or treat cancer. But some can interfere with treatment and sometimes even damage the liver. Examples include high-dose vitamin A, green tea extract, or herbal and ayurvedic products.
However, some supplements may be prescribed to correct a deficiency, for example, vitamin D when blood tests show low levels or when dietary intake is insufficient. These should only be taken under the advice of your healthcare team, who can ensure they’re necessary and safe, and that you are getting the right amount.
Fact 4: Preparing your body before treatment (prehabilitation) can improve outcomes5
A growing approach called prehabilitation (“prehab”) focuses on strengthening your body before treatment begins. It can improve energy, muscle mass, and recovery time. For people with HCC, combining gentle exercise, good nutrition, and stress support can improve treatment tolerance and shorten hospital stays.
Small, safe steps, such as daily walks, adjusting your diet with a dietitian, and light resistance training, can make a big difference. You don’t have to wait for treatment to start preparing.
Final Thoughts
Facing liver cancer can feel overwhelming, and it’s normal to have questions or worries. But knowing the facts helps you feel more in control. Talking openly with your care team will support you in making the best decisions for your health, and working with dietitians and physiotherapists can support you on this journey.
References
- Jin, R. et al. Exercise as an Adjunct Therapy in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. EClinicalMedicine, 2024. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542568424000059
- Soares, C.H. et al. The Importance of Nutrition in Cancer Care. Current Nutrition Reports, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00578-0
- Lu, W. et al. Anti-Tumor Effect and Mechanism Study of Caloric Restriction. Cancer Control, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241302957
- Hidden Dangers: Herbal and Dietary Supplement Induced Hepatotoxicity. Livers, 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/livers3040041
- Kichena, S. et al. Potential of Prehabilitation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review of Available Evidence. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-23-175